Objectives: To analyze nurses' knowledge about care for children with chronic diseases in primary health care. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review. Performed through analysis in the databases available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), namely: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), the Nursing Database (BDENF). Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) were used in combination with the Boolean operator and, as follows: Child care and Chronic disease and Nursing care. Studies available in Portuguese, with full text and published in the last ten years (2012-2022) were included. Results and discussion: The management of nursing care for children with chronic conditions in PHC is characterized as a complex phenomenon when it asks nurses to value care in the uniqueness of the patient and family. The PHC is the gateway to other services and guides reference and referral systems, and chronic diseases are caused by complex physical, emotional and behavioral changes, articulating at other levels, in addition, this service is responsible for creation of a bond between professionals and users, which characterizes a communication problem, so that the professional nurse makes use of his knowledge and experiences in relation to the care of children affected by a chronic disease. Final considerations: This study concluded that the knowledge of nurses to care for children affected by a chronic disease is directly linked to their experiences and academic/professional profile, in addition to the difficulty in communicating with the family caregiver, the lack of knowledge about the chronicity of diseases, conducts, protocols and routines. It is necessary to carry out care for this public with co-responsibility.